Disease characteristics
RAS oncogene is a superfamily of signal transduction proteins, which are proteins that communicate signals between the cells. DNA mutations in the RAS family genes turns the signals on permanently such that the cells divide non-stop, leading to cancer. Three of this family’s proteins, H-RAS, K-RAS, and N-RAS are important in early detection of tumors and encode 21-kD proteins called p21s.
Mutation
Mutations in RAS family proto-oncogenes are very common and have been found in up to 40% of all human tumors. The most prevalent mutations in RAS genes occur in codon positions 12, 13, and 61, which are responsible for the majority of tumors caused by RAS mutations.
Testing criteria
Proband with any form of cancer before the age of 55 years
A first-degree relative of a person with any cancer before the age of 55 years
Early cancer detection in families with history
Methodology and Sample Requirements
Testing methods for these genes includes PCR amplification and DNA dideoxy-termination sequencing.
Sample requirement is 3-5ml of whole blood in a Lavender Top Tube with EDTA.